Dynamic Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Modular Metal Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities

Modular metal buildings are widely used in petrochemical facilities for equipment centers as they are relatively inexpensive and can be constructed and finished out much more quickly than conventional buildings in a turn-key operation. These buildings typically consist of self-framing stiffened metal panels for the roof and walls, and are supported on top of a steel beam frame at floor level. Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) analysis is often performed to design and predict relevant component responses. Finite Element Analysis (FEA), however, can more precisely evaluate and predict both component and global responses. This paper details an FEA study of the structural response of modular metal buildings to typical blast loads generated from a vapor cloud explosion. The roof and walls are analyzed both individually and as a combined structure to determine geometrical requirements to sustain the design blast loads, and connections are also evaluated. The FEA results are compared to those attained from SDOF models and limited previously published experimental data. Additional design considerations, such as recommendations for appropriate design criteria for equipment shelters, are also provided.